High Automation Risk

Jobs Most at Risk from AI

The occupations facing the highest automation risk, based on Oxford Martin School research.

Data Entry Clerk

Admin

"Transcribing information between systems"

80%

Receptionist

Admin

"Answering and routing phone calls"

64%

Travel Agent

Sales

"Searching and booking flights and hotels"

64%

Customer Service Representative

Admin

"Answering FAQs via chat and email"

64%

Accountant

Finance

"Preparing routine tax returns"

58%

Bookkeeper

Finance

"Categorising and reconciling transactions"

58%

Telemarketer

Sales

"Reading scripted sales pitches"

57%

Graphic Designer

Creative

"Resizing and adapting assets for different formats"

56%

Copywriter

Creative

"Writing product descriptions and SEO content"

56%

Insurance Agent

Finance

"Generating quotes from standard risk profiles"

56%

Paralegal

Legal

"Document review and discovery processing"

55%

Social Media Manager

Creative

"Scheduling and posting content"

52%

Real Estate Agent

Sales

"Generating property listings and descriptions"

51%

Financial Analyst

Finance

"Building financial models from templates"

44%

Retail Cashier

Retail

"Scanning and totalling purchases"

44%

Data Scientist

Tech

"Running standard statistical models on clean datasets"

43%

Interpreter / Translator

Creative

"Real-time translation of structured, technical content"

41%

Cook (Line Cook)

Hospitality

"Executing repetitive cooking steps precisely"

39%

Video Editor

Creative

"Automatically cutting raw footage to rough assembly"

38%

Warehouse Worker

Logistics

"Picking and sorting items along fixed routes"

38%

Risk scores based on Frey & Osborne (2013), Oxford Martin School. Note: this study predates generative AI — actual risk may be higher than shown.